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Social Security Cutbacks Increases Society��s Risks
Ren Ohnishi
Moyai Support Centre for Independent Living / M���decins du Monde Japon
1. Wide-spreading poverty in Japan, increasingly entrenched among the social minority
Since the end of bubble economy, Japan underwent the collapse of its traditional management practices and of family/corporate-dependent welfare system, and today, the needy population continues to grow in this ageing society. About 16% of Japanese citizens now live in relative poverty, and the so-called working-poor with annual income below JPY two million numbers over 11 million people.
One in seven children is born to an impoverished family, while one in two persons in age group of twenty��s works under severely unstable employment.
More than 60% of single-parent households and one in three single-status women are in the state of poverty. As poverty spreads across Japan, it is becoming more entrenched among the vulnerable, minorities.
2. Cut-down in the minimum livelihood deteriorates the entire Japanese society
Public welfare benefits (seikatsu hogo) guarantees the minimum standard of living in Japan. After its recipients exceeded a record high of 2.15 million earlier this year, the government announced to cutback the minimum subsistence level by 10%, which saves JPY 100 billion or 0.1% of the national social security budget.
However, of the welfare recipients, about 40% are older persons, 30% are persons with illnesses and disabilities, and 10% are single-mother households. Public welfare benefits is crucial for such socio-economically marginalised citizens, but once the cut-down plan is enforced, the recipients lose 6% of their former income. Along with the 2% inflation target policy and the upcoming consumption tax hike from the current 5% to 10%, the cutback causes greater suffering among the lower income citizens.
The Abe administration��s economic policy not only lacks cost-benefit verification but neglects income redistribution, and virtually abandons the citizens in need.
3. LDP��s social welfare reform bill represents regression to pre-modernism family model
The social welfare reform bill the Abe administration submitted to the Diet poses various dangers, and the UN CESCR has also particularly addressed the Japanese government to reduce the obstacles to applying for public welfare benefits.(Refer: CESCR fiftieth session 29 April – 17 May 2013)
The especially hazardous ��family support obligation�� clause requires citizens to seek help from family members before applying for public welfare benefits. Patriarchy still dominates many Japanese families, and only recently has Japan begun to acknowledge the presence of family violence.
The pre-modernistic bill forces social security mechanism upon families�� mutual reliance, stigmatises welfare recipients, induces needy citizens to refrain from utilising welfare, and multiplies the risks of deaths in solitude (kodoku-shi) and suicide.
4. We need social security for a stable society
More than ever, Japan needs to seriously tackle poverty.
We have to extend income redistribution, actualise both social stabilisation and economic growth, and establish and re-establish sustainable social-security welfare.
The Abe administration��s policy approach so far reverses this mission, and its proposed bill deepens poverty and social instability in Japan, and curbs the very lives of citizens.
We envision the society��s progress not through cutbacks but through diversification of social security.
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